Table of Contents
Executive Summary
1 Industry Overview of Wall Hung Gas Boiler
1.1 Definition of Wall Hung Gas Boiler
1.2 Wall Hung Gas Boiler Segment by Type
1.2.1 Global Wall Hung Gas Boiler Production Growth Rate Comparison by Types (2014-2025)
1.2.2 Condensing
1.2.3 Non-Condensing
1.3 Wall Hung Gas Boiler Segment by Applications
1.3.1 Global Wall Hung Gas Boiler Consumption Comparison by Applications (2014-2025)
1.3.2 Residential
1.3.3 Commercial
1.4 Global Wall Hung Gas Boiler Overall Market
1.4.1 Global Wall Hung Gas Boiler Revenue (2014-2025)
1.4.2 Global Wall Hung Gas Boiler Production (2014-2025)
1.4.3 North America Wall Hung Gas Boiler Status and Prospect (2014-2025)
1.4.4 Europe Wall Hung Gas Boiler Status and Prospect (2014-2025)
1.4.5 China Wall Hung Gas Boiler Status and Prospect (2014-2025)
1.4.6 Japan Wall Hung Gas Boiler Status and Prospect (2014-2025)
1.4.7 Southeast Asia Wall Hung Gas Boiler Status and Prospect (2014-2025)
1.4.8 India Wall Hung Gas Boiler Status and Prospect (2014-2025)
2 Manufacturing Cost Structure Analysis
2.1 Raw Material and Suppliers
2.2 Manufacturing Cost Structure Analysis of Wall Hung Gas Boiler
2.3 Manufacturing Process Analysis of Wall Hung Gas Boiler
2.4 Industry Chain Structure of Wall Hung Gas Boiler
3 Development and Manufacturing Plants Analysis of Wall Hung Gas Boiler
3.1 Capacity and Commercial Production Date
3.2 Global Wall Hung Gas Boiler Manufacturing Plants Distribution
3.3 Major Manufacturers Technology Source and Market Position of Wall Hung Gas Boiler
3.4 Recent Development and Expansion Plans
4 Key Figures of Major Manufacturers
4.1 Wall Hung Gas Boiler Production and Capacity Analysis
4.2 Wall Hung Gas Boiler Revenue Analysis
4.3 Wall Hung Gas Boiler Price Analysis
4.4 Market Concentration Degree
5 Wall Hung Gas Boiler Regional Market Analysis
5.1 Wall Hung Gas Boiler Production by Regions
5.1.1 Global Wall Hung Gas Boiler Production by Regions
5.1.2 Global Wall Hung Gas Boiler Revenue by Regions
5.2 Wall Hung Gas Boiler Consumption by Regions
5.3 North America Wall Hung Gas Boiler Market Analysis
5.3.1 North America Wall Hung Gas Boiler Production
5.3.2 North America Wall Hung Gas Boiler Revenue
5.3.3 Key Manufacturers in North America
5.3.4 North America Wall Hung Gas Boiler Import and Export
5.4 Europe Wall Hung Gas Boiler Market Analysis
5.4.1 Europe Wall Hung Gas Boiler Production
5.4.2 Europe Wall Hung Gas Boiler Revenue
5.4.3 Key Manufacturers in Europe
5.4.4 Europe Wall Hung Gas Boiler Import and Export
5.5 China Wall Hung Gas Boiler Market Analysis
5.5.1 China Wall Hung Gas Boiler Production
5.5.2 China Wall Hung Gas Boiler Revenue
5.5.3 Key Manufacturers in China
5.5.4 China Wall Hung Gas Boiler Import and Export
5.6 Japan Wall Hung Gas Boiler Market Analysis
5.6.1 Japan Wall Hung Gas Boiler Production
5.6.2 Japan Wall Hung Gas Boiler Revenue
5.6.3 Key Manufacturers in Japan
5.6.4 Japan Wall Hung Gas Boiler Import and Export
5.7 Southeast Asia Wall Hung Gas Boiler Market Analysis
5.7.1 Southeast Asia Wall Hung Gas Boiler Production
5.7.2 Southeast Asia Wall Hung Gas Boiler Revenue
5.7.3 Key Manufacturers in Southeast Asia
5.7.4 Southeast Asia Wall Hung Gas Boiler Import and Export
5.8 India Wall Hung Gas Boiler Market Analysis
5.8.1 India Wall Hung Gas Boiler Production
5.8.2 India Wall Hung Gas Boiler Revenue
5.8.3 Key Manufacturers in India
5.8.4 India Wall Hung Gas Boiler Import and Export
6 Wall Hung Gas Boiler Segment Market Analysis (by Type)
6.1 Global Wall Hung Gas Boiler Production by Type
6.2 Global Wall Hung Gas Boiler Revenue by Type
6.3 Wall Hung Gas Boiler Price by Type
7 Wall Hung Gas Boiler Segment Market Analysis (by Application)
7.1 Global Wall Hung Gas Boiler Consumption by Application
7.2 Global Wall Hung Gas Boiler Consumption Market Share by Application (2014-2019)
8 Wall Hung Gas Boiler Major Manufacturers Analysis
8.1 BOSCH
8.1.1 BOSCH Wall Hung Gas Boiler Production Sites and Area Served
8.1.2 BOSCH Product Introduction, Application and Specification
8.1.3 BOSCH Wall Hung Gas Boiler Production, Revenue, Ex-factory Price and Gross Margin (2014-2019)
8.1.4 Main Business and Markets Served
8.2 Vaillant
8.2.1 Vaillant Wall Hung Gas Boiler Production Sites and Area Served
8.2.2 Vaillant Product Introduction, Application and Specification
8.2.3 Vaillant Wall Hung Gas Boiler Production, Revenue, Ex-factory Price and Gross Margin (2014-2019)
8.2.4 Main Business and Markets Served
8.3 Squirrel (Devotion)
8.3.1 Squirrel (Devotion) Wall Hung Gas Boiler Production Sites and Area Served
8.3.2 Squirrel (Devotion) Product Introduction, Application and Specification
8.3.3 Squirrel (Devotion) Wall Hung Gas Boiler Production, Revenue, Ex-factory Price and Gross Margin (2014-2019)
8.3.4 Main Business and Markets Served
8.4 Viessmann
8.4.1 Viessmann Wall Hung Gas Boiler Production Sites and Area Served
8.4.2 Viessmann Product Introduction, Application and Specification
8.4.3 Viessmann Wall Hung Gas Boiler Production, Revenue, Ex-factory Price and Gross Margin (2014-2019)
8.4.4 Main Business and Markets Served
8.5 Vanward
8.5.1 Vanward Wall Hung Gas Boiler Production Sites and Area Served
8.5.2 Vanward Product Introduction, Application and Specification
8.5.3 Vanward Wall Hung Gas Boiler Production, Revenue, Ex-factory Price and Gross Margin (2014-2019)
8.5.4 Main Business and Markets Served
8.6 Ariston
8.6.1 Ariston Wall Hung Gas Boiler Production Sites and Area Served
8.6.2 Ariston Product Introduction, Application and Specification
8.6.3 Ariston Wall Hung Gas Boiler Production, Revenue, Ex-factory Price and Gross Margin (2014-2019)
8.6.4 Main Business and Markets Served
8.7 Macro
8.7.1 Macro Wall Hung Gas Boiler Production Sites and Area Served
8.7.2 Macro Product Introduction, Application and Specification
8.7.3 Macro Wall Hung Gas Boiler Production, Revenue, Ex-factory Price and Gross Margin (2014-2019)
8.7.4 Main Business and Markets Served
8.8 Immergas
8.8.1 Immergas Wall Hung Gas Boiler Production Sites and Area Served
8.8.2 Immergas Product Introduction, Application and Specification
8.8.3 Immergas Wall Hung Gas Boiler Production, Revenue, Ex-factory Price and Gross Margin (2014-2019)
8.8.4 Main Business and Markets Served
8.9 Dynasty
8.9.1 Dynasty Wall Hung Gas Boiler Production Sites and Area Served
8.9.2 Dynasty Product Introduction, Application and Specification
8.9.3 Dynasty Wall Hung Gas Boiler Production, Revenue, Ex-factory Price and Gross Margin (2014-2019)
8.9.4 Main Business and Markets Served
8.10 Rinnai
8.10.1 Rinnai Wall Hung Gas Boiler Production Sites and Area Served
8.10.2 Rinnai Product Introduction, Application and Specification
8.10.3 Rinnai Wall Hung Gas Boiler Production, Revenue, Ex-factory Price and Gross Margin (2014-2019)
8.10.4 Main Business and Markets Served
8.11 FERROLI
8.12 BDR Thermea
8.13 Esin
8.14 Beretta
8.15 KD Navien
8.16 Haydn
9 Development Trend of Analysis of Wall Hung Gas Boiler Market
9.1 Global Wall Hung Gas Boiler Market Trend Analysis
9.1.1 Global Wall Hung Gas Boiler Market Size (Volume and Value) Forecast 2019-2025
9.2 Wall Hung Gas Boiler Regional Market Trend
9.2.1 North America Wall Hung Gas Boiler Forecast 2019-2025
9.2.2 Europe Wall Hung Gas Boiler Forecast 2019-2025
9.2.3 China Wall Hung Gas Boiler Forecast 2019-2025
9.2.4 Japan Wall Hung Gas Boiler Forecast 2019-2025
9.2.5 Southeast Asia Wall Hung Gas Boiler Forecast 2019-2025
9.2.6 India Wall Hung Gas Boiler Forecast 2019-2025
9.3 Wall Hung Gas Boiler Market Trend (Product Type)
9.4 Wall Hung Gas Boiler Market Trend (Application)
10.1 Marketing Channel
10.1.1 Direct Marketing
10.1.2 Indirect Marketing
10.3 Wall Hung Gas Boiler Customers
11 Market Dynamics
11.1 Market Trends
11.2 Opportunities
11.3 Market Drivers
11.4 Challenges
11.5 Influence Factors
12 Conclusion
13 Appendix
13.1 Methodology/Research Approach
13.1.1 Research Programs/Design
13.1.2 Market Size Estimation
13.1.3 Market Breakdown and Data Triangulation
13.2 Data Source
13.2.1 Secondary Sources
13.2.2 Primary Sources
13.3 Author List
13.4 Disclaimer
Figure Picture of Wall Hung Gas Boiler
Table Global Wall Hung Gas Boiler Production (K Units) Growth Rate Comparison by Types (2014-2025)
Figure Global Wall Hung Gas Boiler Production Market Share by Types in 2018
Figure Condensing Product Picture
Figure Non-Condensing Product Picture
Table Global Wall Hung Gas Boiler Consumption (K Units) Comparison by Applications (2014-2025)
Figure Global Wall Hung Gas Boiler Consumption Market Share by Applications in 2018
Figure Residential
Figure Commercial
Figure Global Wall Hung Gas Boiler Revenue (Million USD) (2014-2025)
Figure Global Wall Hung Gas Boiler Production (K Units) (2014-2025)
Figure North America Wall Hung Gas Boiler Market Size (Million USD) (2014-2025)
Figure Europe Wall Hung Gas Boiler Market Size (Million USD) (2014-2025)
Figure China Wall Hung Gas Boiler Market Size (Million USD) (2014-2025)
Figure Japan Wall Hung Gas Boiler Market Size (Million USD) (2014-2025)
Figure Southeast Asia Wall Hung Gas Boiler Market Size (Million USD) (2014-2025)
Figure India Wall Hung Gas Boiler Market Size (Million USD) (2014-2025)
Table Wall Hung Gas Boiler Raw Material and Suppliers
Table Manufacturing Cost Structure Analysis of Wall Hung Gas Boiler in 2018
Figure Manufacturing Process Analysis of Wall Hung Gas Boiler
Figure Industry Chain Structure of Wall Hung Gas Boiler
Table Capacity and Commercial Production Date of Key Manufacturers
Table Global Wall Hung Gas Boiler Manufacturing Plants Distribution
Table Wall Hung Gas Boiler Major Manufacturers Technology Source and Market Position
Table Recent Development and Expansion Plans in Future
Table Wall Hung Gas Boiler Capacity (K Units) of Major Manufacturers (2014-2019)
Table Wall Hung Gas Boiler Production (K Units) of Major Manufacturers (2014-2019)
Table Wall Hung Gas Boiler Production Market Share of Major Manufacturers (2014-2019)
Figure Wall Hung Gas Boiler Production Share by Manufacturers in 2018
Table Wall Hung Gas Boiler Revenue (Million US$) of Major Manufacturers (2014-2019)
Table Wall Hung Gas Boiler Revenue Market Share of Major Manufacturers (2014-2019)
Figure Wall Hung Gas Boiler Revenue Share by Manufacturers in 2018
Table Wall Hung Gas Boiler Average Price (USD/Unit) of Major Manufacturers (2014-2019)
Table Global Manufacturers Market Concentration Ratio (CR5 and HHI)
Table Global Wall Hung Gas Boiler Production by Regions 2014-2019 (K Units)
Table Global Wall Hung Gas Boiler Production Market Share by Regions 2014-2019
Figure Global Wall Hung Gas Boiler Production Market Share by Regions in 2018
Table Global Wall Hung Gas Boiler Revenue by Regions 2014-2019 (Million USD)
Table Global Wall Hung Gas Boiler Revenue Market Share by Regions 2014-2019
Figure Global Wall Hung Gas Boiler Revenue Market Share by Regions in 2018
Table Global Wall Hung Gas Boiler Consumption by Regions 2014-2019 (K Units)
Table Global Wall Hung Gas Boiler Consumption Market Share by Regions 2014-2019
Figure North America Wall Hung Gas Boiler Production Growth Rate 2014-2019 (K Units)
Figure North America Wall Hung Gas Boiler Revenue Growth Rate 2014-2019 (Million USD)
Table North America Wall Hung Gas Boiler Production, Consumption Import and Export (K Units)
Figure Europe Wall Hung Gas Boiler Production Growth Rate 2014-2019 (K Units)
Figure Europe Wall Hung Gas Boiler Revenue Growth Rate 2014-2019 (Million USD)
Table Europe Wall Hung Gas Boiler Production, Consumption Import and Export (K Units)
Figure China Wall Hung Gas Boiler Production Growth Rate 2014-2019 (K Units)
Figure China Wall Hung Gas Boiler Revenue Growth Rate 2014-2019 (Million USD)
Table China Wall Hung Gas Boiler Production, Consumption Import and Export (K Units)
Figure Japan Wall Hung Gas Boiler Production Growth Rate 2014-2019 (K Units)
Figure Japan Wall Hung Gas Boiler Revenue Growth Rate 2014-2019 (Million USD)
Table Japan Wall Hung Gas Boiler Production, Consumption Import and Export (K Units)
Figure Southeast Asia Wall Hung Gas Boiler Production Growth Rate 2014-2019 (K Units)
Figure Southeast Asia Wall Hung Gas Boiler Revenue Growth Rate 2014-2019 (Million USD)
Table Southeast Asia Wall Hung Gas Boiler Production, Consumption Import and Export (K Units)
Figure India Wall Hung Gas Boiler Production Growth Rate 2014-2019 (K Units)
Figure India Wall Hung Gas Boiler Revenue Growth Rate 2014-2019 (Million USD)
Table India Wall Hung Gas Boiler Production, Consumption Import and Export (K Units)
Figure Global Consumption Wall Hung Gas Boiler Market Share by Application (2014-2019)
Figure Global Value (Consumption) Wall Hung Gas Boiler Market Share by Application (2014-2019)
Table BOSCH Wall Hung Gas Boiler Production Sites and Area Served
Table BOSCH Wall Hung Gas Boiler Product Introduction, Application and Specification
Table BOSCH Wall Hung Gas Boiler Production (K Units), Revenue (Million USD), Ex-factory Price (USD/Unit) and Gross Margin (2014-2019)
Table BOSCH Wall Hung Gas Boiler Production Growth Rate (2014-2019)
Table BOSCH Wall Hung Gas Boiler Production Market Share (2014-2019)
Figure BOSCH Wall Hung Gas Boiler Revenue Market Share (2014-2019)
Table BOSCH Wall Hung Gas Boiler Main Business and Markets Served
Table Vaillant Wall Hung Gas Boiler Production Sites and Area Served
Table Vaillant Wall Hung Gas Boiler Product Introduction, Application and Specification
Table Vaillant Wall Hung Gas Boiler Production (K Units), Revenue (Million USD), Ex-factory Price (USD/Unit) and Gross Margin (2014-2019)
Table Vaillant Wall Hung Gas Boiler Production Growth Rate (2014-2019)
Table Vaillant Wall Hung Gas Boiler Production Market Share (2014-2019)
Figure Vaillant Wall Hung Gas Boiler Revenue Market Share (2014-2019)
Table Vaillant Wall Hung Gas Boiler Main Business and Markets Served
Table Squirrel (Devotion) Wall Hung Gas Boiler Production Sites and Area Served
Table Squirrel (Devotion) Wall Hung Gas Boiler Product Introduction, Application and Specification
Table Squirrel (Devotion) Wall Hung Gas Boiler Production (K Units), Revenue (Million USD), Ex-factory Price (USD/Unit) and Gross Margin (2014-2019)
Table Squirrel (Devotion) Wall Hung Gas Boiler Production Growth Rate (2014-2019)
Table Squirrel (Devotion) Wall Hung Gas Boiler Production Market Share (2014-2019)
Figure Squirrel (Devotion) Wall Hung Gas Boiler Revenue Market Share (2014-2019)
Table Squirrel (Devotion) Wall Hung Gas Boiler Main Business and Markets Served
Table Viessmann Wall Hung Gas Boiler Production Sites and Area Served
Table Viessmann Wall Hung Gas Boiler Product Introduction, Application and Specification
Table Viessmann Wall Hung Gas Boiler Production (K Units), Revenue (Million USD), Ex-factory Price (USD/Unit) and Gross Margin (2014-2019)
Table Viessmann Wall Hung Gas Boiler Production Growth Rate (2014-2019)
Table Viessmann Wall Hung Gas Boiler Production Market Share (2014-2019)
Figure Viessmann Wall Hung Gas Boiler Revenue Market Share (2014-2019)
Table Viessmann Wall Hung Gas Boiler Main Business and Markets Served
Table Vanward Wall Hung Gas Boiler Production Sites and Area Served
Table Vanward Wall Hung Gas Boiler Product Introduction, Application and Specification
Table Vanward Wall Hung Gas Boiler Production (K Units), Revenue (Million USD), Ex-factory Price (USD/Unit) and Gross Margin (2014-2019)
Table Vanward Wall Hung Gas Boiler Production Growth Rate (2014-2019)
Table Vanward Wall Hung Gas Boiler Production Market Share (2014-2019)
Figure Vanward Wall Hung Gas Boiler Revenue Market Share (2014-2019)
Table Vanward Wall Hung Gas Boiler Main Business and Markets Served
Table Ariston Wall Hung Gas Boiler Production Sites and Area Served
Table Ariston Wall Hung Gas Boiler Product Introduction, Application and Specification
Table Ariston Wall Hung Gas Boiler Production (K Units), Revenue (Million USD), Ex-factory Price (USD/Unit) and Gross Margin (2014-2019)
Table Ariston Wall Hung Gas Boiler Production Growth Rate (2014-2019)
Table Ariston Wall Hung Gas Boiler Production Market Share (2014-2019)
Figure Ariston Wall Hung Gas Boiler Revenue Market Share (2014-2019)
Table Ariston Wall Hung Gas Boiler Main Business and Markets Served
Table Macro Wall Hung Gas Boiler Production Sites and Area Served
Table Macro Wall Hung Gas Boiler Product Introduction, Application and Specification
Table Macro Wall Hung Gas Boiler Production (K Units), Revenue (Million USD), Ex-factory Price (USD/Unit) and Gross Margin (2014-2019)
Table Macro Wall Hung Gas Boiler Production Growth Rate (2014-2019)
Table Macro Wall Hung Gas Boiler Production Market Share (2014-2019)
Figure Macro Wall Hung Gas Boiler Revenue Market Share (2014-2019)
Table Macro Wall Hung Gas Boiler Main Business and Markets Served
Table Immergas Wall Hung Gas Boiler Production Sites and Area Served
Table Immergas Wall Hung Gas Boiler Product Introduction, Application and Specification
Table Immergas Wall Hung Gas Boiler Production (K Units), Revenue (Million USD), Ex-factory Price (USD/Unit) and Gross Margin (2014-2019)
Table Immergas Wall Hung Gas Boiler Production Growth Rate (2014-2019)
Table Immergas Wall Hung Gas Boiler Production Market Share (2014-2019)
Figure Immergas Wall Hung Gas Boiler Revenue Market Share (2014-2019)
Table Immergas Wall Hung Gas Boiler Main Business and Markets Served
Table Dynasty Wall Hung Gas Boiler Production Sites and Area Served
Table Dynasty Wall Hung Gas Boiler Product Introduction, Application and Specification
Table Dynasty Wall Hung Gas Boiler Production (K Units), Revenue (Million USD), Ex-factory Price (USD/Unit) and Gross Margin (2014-2019)
Table Dynasty Wall Hung Gas Boiler Production Growth Rate (2014-2019)
Table Dynasty Wall Hung Gas Boiler Production Market Share (2014-2019)
Figure Dynasty Wall Hung Gas Boiler Revenue Market Share (2014-2019)
Table Dynasty Wall Hung Gas Boiler Main Business and Markets Served
Table Rinnai Wall Hung Gas Boiler Production Sites and Area Served
Table Rinnai Wall Hung Gas Boiler Product Introduction, Application and Specification
Table Rinnai Wall Hung Gas Boiler Production (K Units), Revenue (Million USD), Ex-factory Price (USD/Unit) and Gross Margin (2014-2019)
Table Rinnai Wall Hung Gas Boiler Production Growth Rate (2014-2019)
Table Rinnai Wall Hung Gas Boiler Production Market Share (2014-2019)
Figure Rinnai Wall Hung Gas Boiler Revenue Market Share (2014-2019)
Table Rinnai Wall Hung Gas Boiler Main Business and Markets Served
Table FERROLI Wall Hung Gas Boiler Production Sites and Area Served
Table BDR Thermea Wall Hung Gas Boiler Production Sites and Area Served
Table Esin Wall Hung Gas Boiler Production Sites and Area Served
Table Beretta Wall Hung Gas Boiler Production Sites and Area Served
Table KD Navien Wall Hung Gas Boiler Production Sites and Area Served
Table Haydn Wall Hung Gas Boiler Production Sites and Area Served
Figure Global Wall Hung Gas Boiler Production (K Units) Growth Rate Forecast 2019-2025
Figure Global Wall Hung Gas Boiler Revenue (Million USD) Growth Rate Forecast 2019-2025
Figure Global Wall Hung Gas Boiler Sales Price (USD/Unit) Forecast 2019-2025
Figure North America Wall Hung Gas Boiler Production Growth Rate Forecast 2019-2025 (K Units)
Figure North America Wall Hung Gas Boiler Revenue Growth Rate Forecast 2019-2025 (Million USD)
Figure Europe Wall Hung Gas Boiler Production Growth Rate Forecast 2019-2025 (K Units)
Figure Europe Wall Hung Gas Boiler Revenue Growth Rate Forecast 2019-2025 (Million USD)
Figure China Wall Hung Gas Boiler Production Growth Rate Forecast 2019-2025 (K Units)
Figure China Wall Hung Gas Boiler Revenue Growth Rate Forecast 2019-2025 (Million USD)
Figure Japan Wall Hung Gas Boiler Production Growth Rate Forecast 2019-2025 (K Units)
Figure Japan Wall Hung Gas Boiler Revenue Growth Rate Forecast 2019-2025 (Million USD)
Figure Southeast Asia Wall Hung Gas Boiler Production Growth Rate Forecast 2019-2025 (K Units)
Figure Southeast Asia Wall Hung Gas Boiler Revenue Growth Rate Forecast 2019-2025 (Million USD)
Figure India Wall Hung Gas Boiler Production Growth Rate Forecast 2019-2025 (K Units)
Figure India Wall Hung Gas Boiler Revenue Growth Rate Forecast 2019-2025 (Million USD)
Table Global Production (K Units) of Wall Hung Gas Boiler by Type (2019-2025)
Table Global Consumption (K Units) of Wall Hung Gas Boiler by Application (2019-2025)
Table Wall Hung Gas Boiler Distributors List
Table Wall Hung Gas Boiler Customers List
Table Market Key Trends
Table Key Opportunities
Table Market Key Drivers
Table Key Challenges
Table Key Influence Factors
Table Research Programs/Design for This Report
Figure Bottom-up and Top-down Approaches for This Report
Figure Data Triangulation
Table Key Data Information from Secondary Sources
Table Key Data Information from Primary Sources
【掲載企業】
BOSCH、Vaillant、Squirrel (Devotion)、Viessmann、Vanward、Ariston、Macro、Immergas、Dynasty、Rinnai、FERROLI、BDR Thermea、Esin、Beretta、KD Navien、Haydn、